\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
% ============================================================
% WBC 2027 -- paper template
%
% Adapted from the IASS-IWSS 2026 template and revised to match
% formatting guidance from the Scientific Committee.
%
% HOW TO USE THIS FILE
% - Everything up to \begin{document} is template setup (fonts,
% margins, headers). You should not need to edit it -- except
% the reference list just below, which you edit directly here.
% - From \begin{document} onward, look for "EDIT:" comments --
% those mark the title, authors, abstract, and other content
% you fill in yourself. Everything else is fixed formatting.
% ============================================================
% Your references live in this file, as a single-file convenience:
% compiling writes them out to references.bib automatically, which
% is what BibTeX actually reads. Add/edit entries directly below --
% see "Referencing literature" further down for how to cite them.
\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}[overwrite]{references.bib}
@inproceedings{Dagilis1996,
author = {Dagilis, T. D. and Turcke, D. J.},
title = {An economical bamboo particleboard},
booktitle = {Bamboo, People and the Environment, Vol. 3, Engineering and Utilization. Proceedings of the Vth International Bamboo Workshop, Ubud, Bali, Indonesia, 19-22 June 1995},
editor = {Ganapathy, P. M. and Janssen, J. A. and Sastry, C. B.},
publisher = {International Network for Bamboo and Rattan},
address = {New Delhi, India},
year = {1996},
pages = {165--173}
}
@article{Huang1989,
author = {Huang, L. C. and Huang, B. L. and Chen, W. L.},
title = {Tissue culture investigations of bamboo {IV} -- {O}rganogenesis leading to adventitious shoots and plants excited from shoot apices},
journal = {Environmental and Experimental Botany},
year = {1989},
volume = {29},
number = {3},
pages = {307--315}
}
@book{Ohrnberger1985,
author = {Ohrnberger, D. and Goerrings, T.},
title = {The Bamboos of the World},
publisher = {International Book Distributors},
address = {Dehra Dun, India},
year = {1985}
}
\end{filecontents*}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
colorlinks=true,
citecolor=black,
anchorcolor=black,
linkcolor=black,
filecolor=black,
urlcolor=blue,
}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=3.8cm,bottom=3.0cm]{geometry}
% Avoid hyphenation unless the alternative looks absolutely terrible.
\hyphenpenalty=5000
\exhyphenpenalty=5000
\sloppy
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\setlength{\parskip}{6pt}
% Tightens the gap after a heading number (e.g. "1. Introduction").
% Used automatically by \section, \subsection, and \subsubsection.
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\@seccntformat}[1]{\csname the#1\endcsname\hspace{0.35em}}
\makeatother
% Defines how section numbers are displayed (1., 1.1., 1.1.1.).
\renewcommand{\thesection}{\arabic{section}.}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.\arabic{subsubsection}.}
% Shifts the printed page number to match the WBC footer position.
\newlength{\pagenumbershift}
\setlength{\pagenumbershift}{15pt}
\fancyfoot[C]{\raisebox{\pagenumbershift}{\thepage}}
% Italicizes page numbers, per house style.
\def\thepage{\textit{\arabic{page}}}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{titlesec}
% Fixes heading sizes to 16pt / 14pt / 12pt bold for section /
% subsection / subsubsection.
\titleformat*{\section}{\fontsize{16}{19}\selectfont\bfseries}
\titleformat*{\subsection}{\fontsize{14}{17}\selectfont\bfseries}
\titleformat*{\subsubsection}{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont\bfseries}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup[figure]{font=small}
\captionsetup[table]{font=small}
% Vertical space above/below each heading level.
\titlespacing*{\section}{0pt}{15.5pt}{8pt}
\titlespacing*{\subsection}{0pt}{10pt}{6pt}
\titlespacing*{\subsubsection}{0pt}{8pt}{5pt}
% Citation style: parenthetical author-year, e.g. (Author Year);
% semicolons between multiple works; no comma before the year.
\usepackage{natbib}
\setcitestyle{authoryear,round,semicolon,aysep={}}
% ---- Running page header (all pages) ----
\pagestyle{fancy} \lhead{} \chead{\rule{0mm}{0mm}\small \em Proceedings of the 13th World Bamboo Congress (WBC 2027)\\ ``Shaping Sustainable Futures. Understanding the Merits of Bamboo and Strengthening Value Chains.''\vspace{0pt}} \rhead{}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}
% ---- First-page footer (copyright notice) ----
\fancypagestyle{copyrightfooter}{%
\fancyhf{}
\renewcommand\headrulewidth{0pt}
\fancyfoot[L]{
\small \em \vspace{-35pt}
\rule{\textwidth}{0.35pt}\vspace{-1pt}
% EDIT: replace with the author name(s), matching the title page above.
Copyright \textcopyright\,2027 by
$<$insert name(s) of the author(s) as listed above$>$
\\
Published by the World Bamboo Organization (WBO) with permission.
}
}
\begin{document}
\setlength{\baselineskip}{14pt}
\thispagestyle{copyrightfooter}
% ---- First-page header (proceedings citation block) ----
\begin{flushright}
\ \\
\vspace{-1.9cm}
\footnotesize{\em Proceedings of the 13th World Bamboo Congress (WBC 2027)} \\
June 7-11, 2027, Rotterdam, the Netherlands\\
{\em ``Shaping Sustainable Futures.}\\
{\em Understanding the Merits of Bamboo and Strengthening Value Chains.''}\\
World Bamboo Organization (WBO)\\
\footnotesize{\textless editors to be announced\textgreater{ }(eds.), ISSN 2150-1165\\
}
\vskip-5pt
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}
\end{flushright}
% ---- WBC 2027 logo ----
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
\node[xshift=23.2mm,yshift=-22.9mm,anchor=north west] at (current page.north west)
{\includegraphics[width=54mm]{wbc2027}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{center}
\vspace{-15pt}
{\bf \fontsize{18}{21}\selectfont
% EDIT: replace with your paper's title. Capitalize only the first
% word and proper nouns/acronyms -- not every word.
Guidelines to format papers for the 13th World Bamboo Congress (WBC 2027)
}
\vspace{0.2cm}
% EDIT: replace with your paper's authors. Mark the corresponding
% author with an asterisk (*); see "Text layout" below for the full
% naming convention.
Corresponding AUTHOR*, Forename B. SURNAME$^{\,\mathrm a}$, Another AUTHOR$^{\,\mathrm b}$
\\
\vspace{10pt}
{
\footnotesize
% EDIT: corresponding author's affiliation, address, and email.
*Affiliation of Corresponding Author\\
Address of Corresponding Author\\
Email Address of Corresponding Author
}
\vspace{5pt}
{
\footnotesize
% EDIT: affiliations for any other authors, linked via the
% superscript letters (a, b, ...) used in the author list above.
$^{\,\mathrm a}$
Affiliation of another author if different from Corresponding Author
\\
$^{\,\mathrm b}$
Affiliation of another author if different from other authors (all author names need to appear in the copyright notice in the footer of this page)
}
\vspace{-5pt}
\end{center}
\noindent
% EDIT: name the specific theme your paper relates to (see the topic
% list in Section~\ref{sec:topics} below), not just a topic number --
% e.g. "Theme: Food, nutrition and nutraceuticals".
{\bf Theme:} $<$insert the specific theme your paper relates to, e.g. ``Food, nutrition and nutraceuticals'' -- see the topic list in Section~\ref{sec:topics}$>$.
\\[12pt]
{\bf \fontsize{16}{19}\selectfont Abstract}\\[6pt]
% EDIT: replace this paragraph with your paper's abstract.
This document contains information about the desired format of papers for blind peer review and publication (submission instructions available at \href{https://wbc2027.org}{\underline{www.wbc2027.org}}). Papers must be written in English for final publication and should be laid out on an A4 paper size. You can prepare your paper by simply replacing the content of this template. The maximum file size of the submitted PDF document is 4 Mb. Although manuscripts will be peer-reviewed and may be returned to authors for revision before publication, initial submissions should be made in final form, assuming that no revisions shall be necessary. IMPORTANT: Your abstract should be a single paragraph of text only (no equations, figures, or special characters) and must not exceed 250 words. It should clearly outline the research purpose, key results, and major conclusions, and must be self-contained, as abstracts are often presented independently. Avoid citations unless absolutely necessary, in which case cite the author(s) and year(s). Define all non-standard abbreviations at their first use. This abstract will appear in the metadata of the paper in the online Proceedings, and the paper cannot be accepted for inclusion unless this format is strictly followed and the one-paragraph, text-only rule for the abstract is observed.
\begin{spacing}{1}
\vspace{3pt}\footnotesize
{\bf Keywords}:
% EDIT: replace with your 3-5 keywords.
Submit 3 to 5 English keywords for indexing, in 10pt Times New Roman, separated by commas. Single-term keywords are strongly encouraged; please minimize multi-term keywords, particularly those using `and' or `of'. Abbreviations are acceptable only if they are established and commonly understood within the relevant discipline. (For example: bamboo, biochar, agroforestry, ecotourism, phylogeny.)
\end{spacing}
\vspace{-10pt}
% ============================================================
% Main text of the paper begins here.
% ============================================================
\section{Introduction}
Manuscripts may be prepared using Microsoft Word, LaTeX, or another convenient editor, provided that the result follows the format of the file you are reading and that the result can be converted to a .pdf file compatible with Adobe Acrobat version 5 or later. Please remember that your files should \underline{not} be password protected or otherwise locked, as editors may need to make additional minor edits and formatting changes.
If you use LaTeX, please use the source .tex file of this template. You can prepare your manuscript by replacing the contents of the .tex file and using a pdfLaTeX compiler to produce the .pdf document. To this end, the use of the Overleaf LaTeX editor is recommended\\ (\href{https://docs.overleaf.com/getting-started/how-do-i-use-overleaf}{https://docs.overleaf.com/getting-started/how-do-i-use-overleaf}).
WBC 2027 invites papers of 4-10 pages in the format of this template. Please make sure that the ratio of figures to text is well proportioned. Page limits for papers are strict, and authors violating them will be asked to make edits to reduce their paper lengths as necessary.
Papers will be published in electronic format as PDF files, so the use of color in figures and photos is possible and encouraged. The congress proceedings will be available as a collection of PDF files at the time of the Congress. They will also be issued electronically on the WBC 2027 website as part of the series with ISSN number 2150-1165.
Abstracts and papers can be submitted for review in English (preferred), Spanish, Chinese, or other major languages, but final publication will be in English.
\subsection{File naming and submission}
Please name your file as: \texttt{YourSurName\_YourGivenName\_2027WBC} (\texttt{.tex} or \texttt{.doc}/\texttt{.docx} and \texttt{.pdf} as specified). If there are multiple authors, please use only the name of the primary author or the author who will be presenting the paper. At the top of the first page of your paper, please specify the theme to which your paper relates (see Section~\ref{sec:topics}). All abstracts and papers will be forwarded to the Scientific Committee for review. Please refer to the official submission guidelines at \href{https://wbc2027.org}{wbc2027.org} (or \href{https://www.worldbamboocongress.org}{www.worldbamboocongress.org}) once published, or contact \href{mailto:info@wbc2027.org}{info@wbc2027.org} with questions.
There will be no traditional Poster Session unless otherwise announced.
\subsection{Key dates}
\begin{itemize}
\setlength\itemsep{0pt}
\item Abstract deadline: 30 November 2026
\item Notification of abstract acceptance: 31 December 2026
\item Full paper submission: 15 February 2027
\item Review and selection process: February -- April 2027
\item Final version deadline: 15 May 2027
\item Congress dates: 7--11 June 2027, Theater Zuidplein, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
\end{itemize}
\section{Congress theme and topics}
\label{sec:topics}
The theme of the WBC 2027 is ``Shaping Sustainable Futures'' with the Scientific Committee's subtitle ``Understanding the Merits of Bamboo and Strengthening Value Chains''. Papers should address one of the three topics listed below. Papers under generally are expected to rely on strong data and appropriate methods for data processing and interpretation. Other papers such as those regarding the value chain under topic 3 should also strive for robust data support but may additionally include policy and strategic perspectives. The final structure and composition of sessions will be determined by the Scientific Committee according to the number and quality of submissions.
\subsection{Topic 1: Biology and sustainable development}
\begin{itemize}
\setlength\itemsep{0pt}
\item Taxonomy, morphology, phylogeny and resources
\item Genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology
\item Physiology, ecology and plant pathology
\item Forest management and restoration
\item Harvest and processing machinery
\item Carbon sequestration, resilience, and climate adaptation
\item Environmental conservation and water management
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Topic 2: Technology, manufacturing and design}
\begin{itemize}
\setlength\itemsep{0pt}
\item Mechanical, chemical and physical properties
\item Material science and engineered bamboo
\item Preservation and treatment
\item Post-harvest processing and utilization
\item Construction, engineering and biobased building
\item Architecture and interior design
\item Furniture, craft, art and industrial products
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Topic 3: Economy and society}
\begin{itemize}
\setlength\itemsep{0pt}
\item Food, nutrition and nutraceuticals
\item Social design and community applications
\item Renewable energy, biomass and biochar
\item The bamboo value chain
\item Life-cycle analysis and circular business models
\item Economics, competition and international markets
\item Ecotourism and livelihood development
\item Education, knowledge transfer, and artificial intelligence
\end{itemize}
\section{Text layout}
All text, figures, and tables should be placed within an area 160~mm wide by 232~mm high, as in this template. On A4 paper this is equivalent to 25~mm left and right margins, 35~mm top margin, 30~mm bottom margin, and a distance of 25~mm between the header and the top edge of the paper, and 20~mm between the footer and the bottom edge.
All elements of the paper are to be in Times New Roman font. This sample file gives the basic layout, and the vast majority of the text, including the text of the Abstract, is in 12pt Times New Roman fully justified.
Please do not modify the headers or footers, except for inserting the names of the authors in the first-page footer as indicated.
The paper should start with the Times New Roman 18pt bold title of the contribution as exemplified above. The title should have capital letters only at the beginning of the first word and for proper nouns or acronyms. Next are the names of all authors in 12pt and in 10pt the affiliation of the authors.
Mark the corresponding author with an asterisk. Use all capital letters for the surnames of all authors, precede the surname by the forename, and provide full first forenames rather than only initials. Indicate the affiliation of the corresponding author using the asterisk and the affiliations of other authors using lower-case superscript letters $^{\mathrm a}$, $^{\mathrm b}$, \ldots
The authors must identify a single corresponding author, who will manage all communication related to the submitted paper throughout the review, publication, and post-publication phases -- including inquiries regarding the findings, data, methodology, and materials. The corresponding author's email address and contact information must remain current throughout this entire process.
The Abstract and Keywords follow the authors' affiliations. The above layout example of Keywords describes their desired characteristics.
All of the numbered first-level headings as well as the unnumbered headings for the Abstract, Declaration of submission, Acknowledgements and References are in 16pt bold. Section headings for the first level should be consecutively numbered and should have capital letters only at the beginning of the section title and for proper nouns and acronyms. Please do not use bold face elsewhere in the body text.
\subsection{Subsections}
Headings for second-level subsections are 14pt bold and are numbered as shown in this example.
\subsubsection{Third-level subsections}
Headings for third-level subsections, if needed, are 12pt bold and are numbered, as shown in this example. Please do not use any further levels of subsections. Italics may be used where required (e.g. botanical names, titles of books, words in a foreign language) but should not be used for headings.
\subsection{Article structure}
While this template does not require it, the Scientific Committee expresses a preference for organizing the body of your paper following the IMRaD structure -- Introduction, (Materials and) Methods, Results and Discussion (and Conclusions) -- using hierarchical subsection numbering (e.g. 1.1, 1.1.1, 1.2, etc.) where helpful. This is a preference, not a requirement: authors are welcome to adapt the structure where the nature of their research calls for a different organization. Note that the section names used throughout this template itself (Introduction, Congress theme and topics, Text layout, etc.) illustrate the formatting conventions of this guide, not the content structure expected of a submitted paper.
\subsection{Equations}
Equations should appear centered, numbered consecutively as shown in the example.
\begin{equation}
\label{equationlabel}
(x+a)^n=\sum_{k=0}^{n} \binom{n}{k} x^k a^{n-k}
\end{equation}
Equation numbers should be enclosed in round brackets also when recalled in the text, as in~\eqref{equationlabel}. Simple equations and assignments, such as $\nu=0$, may also appear in the text (with variables in italics).
\subsection{Footnotes}
Footnotes should not be used.
\subsection{Units}
Use SI units exclusively. Conversions to imperial units (e.g. feet, inches, pounds, kips) may be provided in parentheses after the SI values are given.
\subsection{Figures and tables}
Tables should be labeled and numbered as in Table~\ref{tablelabel}. Figures and photos should be labeled and numbered as in Figure~\ref{figurelabel}. The captions are centered, set above the tables and below the figures, using 10pt fonts as shown below. As the papers will be disseminated in electronic format, colored photos, pictures, and diagrams do not produce any additional cost and are strongly encouraged. However, note that some readers may prefer to print your article for detailed study; therefore, it is advisable to design your diagrams so that they also ``work'' in black and white. Please embed all figures within the document and do not provide them as extra files.
\begin{table}[h!]
\caption{\label{tablelabel} This is a typical table caption [with credits and/or references as appropriate]}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
Culm diameter (mm) & 80 \\ \hline
Culm wall thickness (mm) & 12 \\ \hline
Internode length (mm) & 320 \\ \hline
Compressive strength (MPa) & 55 \\ \hline
Moisture content (\%) & 12 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering\includegraphics{sample_figure}
\caption{\label{figurelabel} This is a typical figure/photo caption [with credits and/or references as appropriate]}
\end{figure}
\section{Referencing literature}
All references cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and all entries in the reference list
must be cited in the text.
This template manages references with BibTeX, so you do not need to hand-format your reference list. Add each reference as an entry to the block near the top of this .tex file (just after \texttt{\textbackslash documentclass}) -- most reference managers (Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote) and repositories (Google Scholar, your university library, publisher pages) can export a BibTeX entry directly; paste it in as-is. Each entry has a citation key (e.g. \texttt{Huang1989}), which is what you cite in the text.
Cite references in the text using \texttt{\textbackslash citep\{key\}} for a parenthetical citation, e.g. \citep{Huang1989}, or \texttt{\textbackslash citet\{key\}} for a narrative citation, e.g. \citet{Dagilis1996} found that... A book citation works the same way, e.g. \citep{Ohrnberger1985}. The author-year formatting -- no comma before the year, `et al.' for three or more authors, semicolons between multiple works cited together, e.g. \citep{Dagilis1996,Huang1989} -- is generated automatically from your BibTeX entries.
Only references actually cited with \texttt{\textbackslash citep} or \texttt{\textbackslash citet} appear in the compiled reference list below; entries sitting unused in the entries block are simply ignored. The reference list is generated automatically, sorted alphabetically by first author, and counts towards the page limit.
Compiling with BibTeX takes one extra step beyond a normal LaTeX run: pdfLaTeX, then BibTeX, then pdfLaTeX twice more, so that citations and the reference list resolve correctly. Overleaf detects this automatically -- just click Recompile. If you compile locally, run \texttt{pdflatex}, \texttt{bibtex}, \texttt{pdflatex}, \texttt{pdflatex} (in that order) on the same filename; the first \texttt{pdflatex} run writes out a \texttt{references.bib} file next to your .tex file, which \texttt{bibtex} then reads.
\section{Conclusions}
The .pdf and .tex files of the paper should be uploaded by the announced deadline following the instructions on the WBC 2027 submission website (\href{https://wbc2027.org}{wbc2027.org}). For questions, contact \href{mailto:info@wbc2027.org}{info@wbc2027.org}.
\section*{Declaration of Submission}
By submitting a paper, authors confirm that the work is original, unpublished, and approved by all authors and relevant authorities. Following the Conclusions and preceding the Acknowledgements, authors must declare any competing interests. If no conflicts exist, authors should state: ``All the authors have no conflict of interest.''
\section*{Acknowledgements}
Acknowledge individuals who provided assistance with your research, including language, writing,
or proofreading, in a separate Acknowledgements section. This section must be placed immediately
before the References. Do not include acknowledgements on the title page or as a title footnote, or
in any other location within the manuscript.
This template was adapted for the 13th World Bamboo Congress (WBC 2027) from the template used for IASS-IWSS 2026.
\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
\bibliography{references}
\section*{List Of characters (optional)}
Please define all abbreviations and special characters within the main text of your manuscript. You
can also include all of them here.
\end{document}
